Lie? Lay? Help! Part 2
Lie and lay would not be confusing at all if not for the past tense. That’s where it all goes bad.
Lie, remember, takes no object. Chickens do not lie an egg!
Past tense of lie: lay. Past perfect tense (the one that goes with have): lain.
Like this: I lie down today. I lay down yesterday. I have lain down many times.
Lay takes an object. You cannot simply lay; you must lay something. A chicken lays an egg.
Past tense of lay: laid. Past perfect tense: laid.
The chicken lays an egg today. The chicken laid an egg yesterday. The chicken has laid many eggs.
For extra credit: if you are lying, as in telling fibs, none of this applies. You lie today, you lied yesterday, you have lied often. Shape up and start being more honest.
For extreme extra credit: why does the children’s prayer say, “Now I lay me down to sleep?” I’m not a chicken; why am I laying?
Lay is correct in this case (a bit archaic) because it takes an object: me. The speaker is laying something (themselves) down to sleep. Please do not use this as a model in your head when you are trying pick between lie and lay. It’ll just confuse you. Stick to the chickens.
Read MoreLie? Lay? Help!
Have I explained lie and lay yet? Don’t stop reading! It’s easier than you think.
All you have to do is remember what my grandmother always said: “Chickens lay. People lie.”
To lie is to assume a horizontal position. And this is the key: It does not take an object. You don’t lie something. You just lie. You lie on the bed, you lie on the floor, you lie on a bench. But you don’t lie an egg.
To lay is to place something on a surface. It takes an object. You lay something somewhere–you lay a book on a desk, you lay a pencil on the book, you lay a paperclip on the pencil. And a chicken lays an egg.
So if you’re doing something to an object, just as the chicken does to an egg–it’s lay.
If there is no egg or equivalent, then it’s lie.
More next week on the complexities of lie and lay!
Read MoreDon’t Dangle
Will we ever know what became of all the mannequins?
An editor complimented me this week by saying I was the first author she had ever known to fix a dangling participle rather than introduce one. I’m proud.
A dangling participle sounds like some finicky grammar tidbit only a fusspot would worry about, but it’s actually quite simple. It’s all about getting a descriptive phrase (the participle) next to the noun it modifies. If it’s closer to a different noun, it “dangles”–i.e. it’s not securely attached to the right noun.
Like this:
The site of the infamous Mannequin Massacre, Algernon had always been fascinated by Lord Lingleberry’s Tower.
The participle (“the site of the infamous Mannequin Massacre”) appears to describe Algernon rather than Lord Lingleberry’s Tower. It dangles.
Algernon had always been fascinated by Lord Lingleberry’s Tower, the site of the infamous Mannequin Massacre.
Now the participle is securely next to the noun it describes. No more dangling.
Read MoreJust How White Is Publishing?
Bearded dslr photographer with tattooes on his arms over school desk background.
So very, very, white.
This article from the New York Times is worth reading in its entirety, but to sum up a few key points: Of fiction books published by one of the large houses between 1950-2018, the author’s race/ethnicity could be identified for 7124 books. 95% of those were written by white people. In 2018, 11% of the books in the sample were written by authors of color. According to a 2019 survey, 85% of the people who acquire and edit books are white.
It’s not a perfect study (the authors of the article freely admit) because nobody actually tracks this stuff. How many books this year were written by African-Americans? How many last year were by Latnix writers? Nobody knows. Nobody’s counting.
I particularly appreciate that this article points up the whiteness of the editorial profession as one of the roadblocks to publishing book by writers of color. (Unmentioned is the fact that publishing is so poorly paid…if you want to start out as an editorial assistant, it helps immensely to have no student loans or family who can give you a boost when it comes to renting a studio in New York. And of course there’s a correlation with race.) I also appreciate calling the tendency of publishers to underpay non-white authors and illustrators (although, to be frank, I’m reeling at the advances some writers of adult books get.)
It’s a valuable article. Go read it.
And I’ll add one thought of my own: the article looks at authors (they forgot illustrators, but there you go…a lot of people, when writing about publishing, forget the younger end of things), editors, publishers…but they didn’t mention readers.
Readers have been eating up books by authors of color–Stamped, The Hate U Give, Booked, All-American Boys, and I could go on. If you’re reading this? Don’t stop. If the demand for these books stays high, publishers will keep buying them, and they may start paying the creators what they are worth.
(Oh, and for the record: $10,000 for A Pandemic Is Worldwide, $14,000 for Deadly Wish, $7000 for Brown Is Warm, Black Is Bright. #publishing paidme)
Read MoreSarah L. Thomson
A children’s book author publishing award-winning nonfiction, poetry, picture books and novels including…
“Readers will treasure the blossoming friendship between opposites in this whimsically illustrated tale. Short chapters and plenty of action make for an accessible and appealing reading experience. . . . Touching and inspiring.”
—Kirkus Reviews